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Assessment of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus fuscatus) Found in Crude Oil and Non Crude Oil Contaminated Areas of Rivers State, Nigeria
Nwankwo Christiana Chika,
Nlemanya Chioma Mercy
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, June 2019
Pages:
32-40
Received:
25 February 2019
Accepted:
4 April 2019
Published:
26 April 2019
Abstract: The assessment of periwinkles (Tympanotonus fuscatus) found in crude oil and non-crude oil contaminated area of Rivers State evaluates the physiochemical (Heavy metal, proximate analysis and total petroleum hydrocarbon) and microbial quality of periwinkle samples. The results obtained showed mean Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon values were 0.149999 mg/kg, 0.314500 mg/kg, 0.709996 mg/kg and 0.16398 mg/kg, in Bodo, Cawthorne channel, Okrika and Emohua (control) samples respectively. Heavy metals in contaminated and non–contaminated samples ranged from 10.05-22.00 mg/kg Iron(Fe), 0.25-1.05 mg/kg Zinc (Zn), 0.06-0.23 mg/kg Nickel (Ni), 0.001-0.034 mg/kg Chromium (Cr), 0.003-0.02 mg/kg Cadmium (Cd), 0.0001-0.007 mg/kg Lead (Pb), 2.01-4.02 mg/kg Manganese (Mn) and 1.05-1.97 mg/kg Copper (Cu). The proximate analysis revealed protein, moisture, fiber, ash, lipid and carbohydrate contents of all samples ranged from 23.6-30.2%, 49.0 -60.4%, 2.5-12.3%, 5.0-7.2%, 1.4-3.4% and 2.5% respectively. Total bacterial count, ranged from 5.75x103-2.37x106 cfu/g in Raw and 2.02x103-1.49x106 cfu/g in Boiled samples, while the total fungal count ranged from 2.05-3.88x103 cfu/g and 1.42–2.0x103 cfu/g in the Raw and Boiled samples respectively.. There was a statistically significant difference in microbial counts between the Raw and Boiled samples from the contaminated sites when compared to the non-contaminated site as p<0.05. The organisms isolated in the study were Bacillus sp, Pseudomonas sp, Staphylococcus sp, Enterobacter sp, Citrobacter sp, Salmonella sp, Shigella sp, Proteus sp, Micrococcus sp, E. coli, Aspergillius sp, Fusarium sp, Saccharomyces sp and Penicillium sp. Periwinkles though, nutritionally valuable had higher microbial load and harbored pathogenic microorganisms which could cause health effect if not properly cooked, the source of periwinkles should be monitored as increase in heavy metal content has toxic effect on health.
Abstract: The assessment of periwinkles (Tympanotonus fuscatus) found in crude oil and non-crude oil contaminated area of Rivers State evaluates the physiochemical (Heavy metal, proximate analysis and total petroleum hydrocarbon) and microbial quality of periwinkle samples. The results obtained showed mean Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon values were 0.149999 mg/...
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Assessment of Household Waste Management and Hygienic Practice in Yirgalem Town, Dale Woreda, Sidama Zone, South Nation Nationalities and Peoples of Region, Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, June 2019
Pages:
41-49
Received:
30 March 2019
Accepted:
30 May 2019
Published:
12 June 2019
Abstract: Currently rapid rate of urbanization and the increasing income of people leads to the generation of high quantities of waste. This makes final disposal of waste difficult. Since urbanization is faster in developing and migrate peoples to a new, modern way of life, an improved level of awareness, new skill and a learning process, the problem is more acute in developing countries. This study aims is to assess household waste management and hygienic practice. Community based cross sectional study was employed to assess the household waste management and hygienic practice among residents of Kidist mariam kebele of Yirgalem town. A total of 316 households were selected from 1, 115 households using systematic random sampling. Data was collected through interview and observation. The study discovered that majority of the households, (36%) disposed solid wastes through municipality and 95.7% of households had temporary storage means for solid waste. About 94.3% of the respondents revealed that the responsibility of waste management is left for women and girls. 83.7% of households had latrines and almost majority were simple traditional pits latrine. From those households with latrine the habit of hand-washing after defecation was reported to be about 64.3%. This study revealed that household management of waste in the community of Yirgalem town is poor in terms of their liquid waste management. More than seventy five percent of households flush away their waste water indiscriminately. But it is moderately good in terms of their solid waste management. The habit of hand washing after defecation is significantly associated with the educational status of the respondents (P<0.05). Recommendation has been given to municipality to improve the waste management system of the town.
Abstract: Currently rapid rate of urbanization and the increasing income of people leads to the generation of high quantities of waste. This makes final disposal of waste difficult. Since urbanization is faster in developing and migrate peoples to a new, modern way of life, an improved level of awareness, new skill and a learning process, the problem is more...
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Profile and Prevalence of Dyslipidemia in Workplace in Togo
Wasungu Bassokla Ditorguéna,
Bana-ewai Essozimna Guy,
Agbobli Yawo Apélété,
Dadjo Soukouna Francis,
Atta Borgatia,
Pessinaba Souleymane,
Amevor Kodjo,
Wognin Sangah,
Bonny Jean-Sylvain
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, June 2019
Pages:
50-53
Received:
5 April 2019
Accepted:
2 June 2019
Published:
20 June 2019
Abstract: Objectives: Dyslipidemia constitute a public health problem in the world. Very few studies were carried out on this subject in workplace. This work completed in workplace aimed to determine the prevalence of the dyslipidemia in workplace, to describe dyslipidemic profile in workers and its associated factors. Materials and Methods: It was about a descriptive cross-sectional study led June to September 2017 (04 months) on the medical files of the workers of a company of telephony in Togo. Were included the medical files comprising all the parameters of the lipidic assessment (total cholesterol, of triglycerides, the LDL and HDL cholesterol). The incomplete files were excluded. The dyslipidemia was defined for a total cholesterol higher than or 2, 4 g/L (6, 2 mmol/L) and/or a rate of HDL cholesterol lower than 0, 4 g/L (1 mmol/L) at the man or lower than 0, 50 g/L (1, 3 mmol/L) at the woman and/or a triglyceride higher than 2 g/L (2, 3 mmol/L) and/or a rate of LDLc > 1, 88 g/L. Results: The average age of the workers was 46, 57 years ± 7, 7 (extreme of 28 and 60 years). The administrative staff was prevalent in a proportion of 53, 4%. The pure hypercholesterolemia were most frequent (64%), followed by hypo HDL cholesterol and mixed dyslipidemia respectively 16,4% and 12,9%. The dyslipidemia was isolated in 72% from the cases, was combined with another factor of cardiovascular risk such as arterial hypertension (20, 2%), diabete (7, 1%) and an ischaemic cardiopathy (1, 1%) of the cases. Conclusion: Dyslipidemias are a reality in occupational environment in Togo with high prevalence estimated at 60.3% and are associated to other factor of cardiovascular risk such as arterial hypertension, diabete, and overweight. So it seems necessary to lead occupational health programs in order to control them.
Abstract: Objectives: Dyslipidemia constitute a public health problem in the world. Very few studies were carried out on this subject in workplace. This work completed in workplace aimed to determine the prevalence of the dyslipidemia in workplace, to describe dyslipidemic profile in workers and its associated factors. Materials and Methods: It was about a d...
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Effects of Management Commitment and Workers’ Participation on Occupational Safety and Health Performance in Public Health Facilities
Patrick Kinyanjui Njogu,
Charles Mburu,
Benson Karanja
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, June 2019
Pages:
54-62
Received:
30 May 2019
Accepted:
29 June 2019
Published:
17 July 2019
Abstract: The Kenya Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) mandates employers to maintain the highest standards of occupational safety and health in their workplaces. It further provides the rights and roles of workers in occupational safety and health. However, occupational incidents persist in public health facilities. The researcher aimed to determine whether management commitment and employee participation hindered the implementation of OSHA in public dispensaries and health centres, using Machakos County. The study was a cross-sectional descriptive survey involving 107 health workers in public dispensaries and health centres in Machakos County. The assessment involved data collection from respondents using Likert-scaled questionnaires, physical observations such as documents review in the selected facilities. The Likert-scaled questions were in form of positive statements. Pearson’s correlation coefficients (r) were 0.7222 for management commitment and 0.7053 for workers’ participation, both showing high correlations. Linear regression analysis indicated reasonably strong negative relationships between each of the independent variables and hindrance in the implementation of OSHA. The prediction factors for management commitment and workers’ participation were -0.6600, p<0.05 and -0.6300, p<0.05 respectively. The null hypotheses failed in the t-test thus favouring the alternative hypotheses. The researchers concluded that implementation of OSHA in the selected facilities was hindered by lack management commitment and workers’ participation. The health management, workers and the Directorate of Safety and Health Services should act as mandated to improve in implementation of OSHA in the health facilities.
Abstract: The Kenya Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) mandates employers to maintain the highest standards of occupational safety and health in their workplaces. It further provides the rights and roles of workers in occupational safety and health. However, occupational incidents persist in public health facilities. The researcher aimed to determine ...
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