One of the most significant global public health challenges is antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Improper use of antibiotics is among the leading causes of drug resistance to various substances. In Eastern Iran's Mashhad, a tertiary hospital has undertaken research on antibiotic usage and bacterial resistance patterns for three years, as part of a regional action plan to combat healthcare-associated illnesses. The Ghaem hospital's pharmacy and microbiology lab have diligently collected information on antibiotic use and bacterial resistance over this period. The data revealed that Meropenem, Ceftriaxone, and Ciprofloxacin were the most frequently used antibiotics in 2017, 2018, and 2019, respectively. Between 2017 and 2019, E. coli, A. baumannii, and K. pneumonia exhibited significant changes in their resistance rates (RR) to various antibiotic classes, with the exception of Imipenem. Notably, S. aureus displayed declining trends in Ciprofloxacin RRs. Our findings indicate a reduction in the use of several antibiotics at Ghaem hospital during this period, while Metronidazole, Imipenem, and Cefepime remained preferred choices. The overuse of broad-spectrum antimicrobials has resulted in serious public health issues. Hence, continued efforts are essential to optimize antibiotic administration, mitigate antibiotic resistance, and gather additional data for policy-making.
| Published in | Journal of Health and Environmental Research (Volume 9, Issue 4) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.jher.20230904.11 |
| Page(s) | 95-99 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Antibiotics, Antimicrobial Resistance, Multidrug-Resistant, Resistance Rates
| [1] | Gandra S, Barter D, Laxminarayan R, (2014) Economic burden of antibiotic resistance: how much do we really know? Clinical microbiology and infection. 20 (10): 973-80. |
| [2] | O’Neill J, (2018) Tackling drug-resistant infections globally: Final report and recommendations. 2016. HM Government and Welcome Trust: UK. |
| [3] | Organization WH, (2015). Worldwide country situation analysis: response to antimicrobial resistance: summary. World Health Organization; |
| [4] | Ruiz ME, (2010) Risks of self-medication practices. Current drug safety. 5 (4): 315-23. |
| [5] | Mehtarpour M, Takian A, Eshrati B, Jaafaripooyan E, (2020). Control of antimicrobial resistance in Iran: the role of international factors. BMC Public Health. 20 (1): 1-10. |
| [6] | Del Fiol FdS, Lopes LC, Barberato-Filho S, Motta CdCB, (2013). Evaluation of the prescription and use of antibiotics in Brazilian children. Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2013; 17 (3): 332-7. |
| [7] | Adeli O, Markazi Moghaddam N, Hamidi Farahani R, Zargar Balaye Jame S, (2015). Antibiotics use patterns in intensive care units of five hospitals in Tehran during 2011-2012. Journal of Archives in Military Medicine. 3 (3). |
| [8] | Raveh D, Levy Y, Schlesinger Y, Greenberg A, Rudensky B, Yinnon A, (2001). Longitudinal surveillance of antibiotic use in the hospital. Qjm. 94 (3): 141-52. |
| [9] | Abdollahiasl A, Kebriaeezadeh A, Nikfar S, Farshchi A, Ghiasi G, Abdollahi M, (2011). Patterns of antibiotic consumption in Iran during 2000–2009. International journal of antimicrobial agents. 37 (5): 489. |
| [10] | Gharouni K, Ardalan A, Araban M, Ebrahimzadeh F, Bakhtiar K, Almasian M, et al., (2020) Application of Freire’s adult education model in modifying the psychological constructs of health belief model in self-medication behaviors of older adults: a randomized controlled trial. 20 (1): 1-12. |
| [11] | Van Duin D, Paterson DLJIdc, (2016). Multidrug-resistant bacteria in the community: trends and lessons learned. 30 (2): 377-90. |
| [12] | Mathers AJ, Peirano G, Pitout JDJCmr, (2015). The role of epidemic resistance plasmids and international high-risk clones in the spread of multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. 28 (3): 565. |
| [13] | Cerceo E, Deitelzweig SB, Sherman BM, Amin ANJMDR, (2016). Multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections in the hospital setting: overview, implications for clinical practice, and emerging treatment options. 22 (5): 412-31. |
| [14] | Willems RJ, Hanage WP, Bessen DE, Feil EJJFmr, (2011). Population biology of Gram-positive pathogens: high-risk clones for dissemination of antibiotic resistance. 2011; 35 (5): 872-900. |
| [15] | ATC W, Index D (2013) WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology; Available from URI http://www whocc no/atc_ddd_index. |
| [16] | Wertheimer A, (1986). The defined daily dose system (DDD) for drug utilization review. Hospital pharmacy. 21 (3): 233-4, 9. |
| [17] | Barchitta M, Quattrocchi A, Maugeri A, La Rosa MC, La Mastra C, Sessa L, et al., (2019). Antibiotic consumption and resistance during a 3-year period in Sicily, southern Italy. 16 (13): 2253. |
| [18] | Shallcross LJ, Howard SJ, Fowler T, Davies SCJPTotRSBBS., (2015). Tackling the threat of antimicrobial resistance: from policy to sustainable action. 370 (1670): 20140082. |
| [19] | Aslam B, Wang W, Arshad MI, Khurshid M, Muzammil S, Rasool MH, et al., (2018). Antibiotic resistance: a rundown of a global crisis. 11: 1645. |
| [20] | Gurses A, Seidl K, Vaidya V, Bochicchio G, Harris A, Hebden J, et al., (2008). Systems ambiguity and guideline compliance: a qualitative study of how intensive care units follow evidence-based guidelines to reduce healthcare-associated infections. 17 (5): 351-9. |
| [21] | Kraemer SA, Ramachandran A, Perron GGJM, (2019). Antibiotic pollution in the environment: from microbial ecology to public policy. 7 (6): 180. |
| [22] | Chokshi A, Sifri Z, Cennimo D, Horng HJJogid, (2019). Global contributors to antibiotic resistance. 11 (1): 36. |
| [23] | Hendriksen RS, Munk P, Njage P, Van Bunnik B, McNally L, Lukjancenko O, et al., (2019). Global monitoring of antimicrobial resistance based on metagenomics analyses of urban sewage. 10 (1): 1-12. |
| [24] | Prestinaci F, Pezzotti P, Pantosti AJP, health G, (2015). Antimicrobial resistance: a global, multifaceted phenomenon. 109 (7): 309-18. |
| [25] | Chaudhary ASJAPSB. (2016). A review of global initiatives to fight antibiotic resistance and recent antibiotics׳ discovery. 6 (6): 552-6. |
| [26] | Sarwar MR, Saqib A, Iftikhar S, Sadiq TJBid, (2018). Antimicrobial use by WHO methodology at primary health care centers: a cross-sectional study in Punjab, Pakistan. 2018; 18 (1): 1-9. |
| [27] | Saleem Z, Hassali MA, Godman B, Versporten A, Hashmi FK, Saeed H, et al., (2020). Point prevalence surveys of antimicrobial use: a systematic review and the implications. 18 (9): 897-910. |
| [28] | Vapa-Tankosić J, Ignjatijević S, Kiurski J, Milenković J, Milojević IJS, (2020). Analysis of Consumers’ Willingness to Pay for Organic and Local Honey in Serbia. 12 (11): 4686. |
| [29] | Huttner B, Goossens H, Verheij T, Harbarth SJTL, (2010). Characteristics and outcomes of public campaigns aimed at improving the use of antibiotics in outpatients in high-income countries. 10 (1): 17-31. |
APA Style
Hasanzadeh, S., Mehri, A., Sadat Shahabifar, M., Ghazvini, K. (2023). Antibiotic Consumption and Bacterial Resistance Pattern During Three Years at a Tertiary Hospital in Mashhad, Eastern Iran. Journal of Health and Environmental Research, 9(4), 95-99. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20230904.11
ACS Style
Hasanzadeh, S.; Mehri, A.; Sadat Shahabifar, M.; Ghazvini, K. Antibiotic Consumption and Bacterial Resistance Pattern During Three Years at a Tertiary Hospital in Mashhad, Eastern Iran. J. Health Environ. Res. 2023, 9(4), 95-99. doi: 10.11648/j.jher.20230904.11
AMA Style
Hasanzadeh S, Mehri A, Sadat Shahabifar M, Ghazvini K. Antibiotic Consumption and Bacterial Resistance Pattern During Three Years at a Tertiary Hospital in Mashhad, Eastern Iran. J Health Environ Res. 2023;9(4):95-99. doi: 10.11648/j.jher.20230904.11
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.jher.20230904.11,
author = {Sepideh Hasanzadeh and Ali Mehri and Mahin Sadat Shahabifar and Kiarash Ghazvini},
title = {Antibiotic Consumption and Bacterial Resistance Pattern During Three Years at a Tertiary Hospital in Mashhad, Eastern Iran},
journal = {Journal of Health and Environmental Research},
volume = {9},
number = {4},
pages = {95-99},
doi = {10.11648/j.jher.20230904.11},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20230904.11},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jher.20230904.11},
abstract = {One of the most significant global public health challenges is antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Improper use of antibiotics is among the leading causes of drug resistance to various substances. In Eastern Iran's Mashhad, a tertiary hospital has undertaken research on antibiotic usage and bacterial resistance patterns for three years, as part of a regional action plan to combat healthcare-associated illnesses. The Ghaem hospital's pharmacy and microbiology lab have diligently collected information on antibiotic use and bacterial resistance over this period. The data revealed that Meropenem, Ceftriaxone, and Ciprofloxacin were the most frequently used antibiotics in 2017, 2018, and 2019, respectively. Between 2017 and 2019, E. coli, A. baumannii, and K. pneumonia exhibited significant changes in their resistance rates (RR) to various antibiotic classes, with the exception of Imipenem. Notably, S. aureus displayed declining trends in Ciprofloxacin RRs. Our findings indicate a reduction in the use of several antibiotics at Ghaem hospital during this period, while Metronidazole, Imipenem, and Cefepime remained preferred choices. The overuse of broad-spectrum antimicrobials has resulted in serious public health issues. Hence, continued efforts are essential to optimize antibiotic administration, mitigate antibiotic resistance, and gather additional data for policy-making.
},
year = {2023}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Antibiotic Consumption and Bacterial Resistance Pattern During Three Years at a Tertiary Hospital in Mashhad, Eastern Iran AU - Sepideh Hasanzadeh AU - Ali Mehri AU - Mahin Sadat Shahabifar AU - Kiarash Ghazvini Y1 - 2023/11/24 PY - 2023 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20230904.11 DO - 10.11648/j.jher.20230904.11 T2 - Journal of Health and Environmental Research JF - Journal of Health and Environmental Research JO - Journal of Health and Environmental Research SP - 95 EP - 99 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2472-3592 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20230904.11 AB - One of the most significant global public health challenges is antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Improper use of antibiotics is among the leading causes of drug resistance to various substances. In Eastern Iran's Mashhad, a tertiary hospital has undertaken research on antibiotic usage and bacterial resistance patterns for three years, as part of a regional action plan to combat healthcare-associated illnesses. The Ghaem hospital's pharmacy and microbiology lab have diligently collected information on antibiotic use and bacterial resistance over this period. The data revealed that Meropenem, Ceftriaxone, and Ciprofloxacin were the most frequently used antibiotics in 2017, 2018, and 2019, respectively. Between 2017 and 2019, E. coli, A. baumannii, and K. pneumonia exhibited significant changes in their resistance rates (RR) to various antibiotic classes, with the exception of Imipenem. Notably, S. aureus displayed declining trends in Ciprofloxacin RRs. Our findings indicate a reduction in the use of several antibiotics at Ghaem hospital during this period, while Metronidazole, Imipenem, and Cefepime remained preferred choices. The overuse of broad-spectrum antimicrobials has resulted in serious public health issues. Hence, continued efforts are essential to optimize antibiotic administration, mitigate antibiotic resistance, and gather additional data for policy-making. VL - 9 IS - 4 ER -
Antimicrobial Resistance Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
